Contents.Rosie the Riveter was the star of a campaign aimed at recruiting female workers for defense industries during World War II, and she became perhaps the most iconic image of working women. American women entered the workforce in unprecedented numbers during the war, as widespread male enlistment left gaping holes in the industrial labor force. Between 1940 and 1945, the female percentage of the U.S. Workforce increased from 27 percent to nearly 37 percent, and by 1945 nearly one out of every four married women worked outside the home.
Rosies in the WorkforceWhile women during worked in a variety of positions previously closed to them, the aviation industry saw the greatest increase in female workers. More than 310,000 women worked in the U.S.
Aircraft industry in 1943, making up 65 percent of the industry’s total workforce (compared to just 1 percent in the pre-war years). The munitions industry also heavily recruited women workers, as illustrated by the U.S. Government’s Rosie the Riveter propaganda campaign.Based in small part on a real-life munitions worker, but primarily a fictitious character, the strong, bandanna-clad Rosie became one of the most successful recruitment tools in American history, and the most iconic image of working women in the World War II era.
Seventy-five years ago, Norman Rockwell’s painting of Rosie the Riveter appeared on the cover of a May 1943 issue of The Saturday Evening Post.Many might have been already aware of the fictional Rosie from the radio. A year earlier, she made her first appearance in. Now she was appearing on newsstands and millions of doorsteps across the country.Yet today, when people hear “Rosie the Riveter,” Rockwell’s painting isn’t the one that comes to mind.Instead, it’s J. Howard Miller’s depiction of Rosie – flexing, wearing a red bandana, accompanied by the words “We Can Do It!”–that we associate with the World War II cultural icon.
Nick Lehr/The Conversation During the war, the poster on the left, painted by J. Howard Miller, was only on display for only two weeks.
Norman Rockwell’s, on the other hand, was seen by millions., Hillary Clinton used it and a host of consumer goods, from coffee mugs to magnets, are plastered with Miller’s version of Rosie. All use it to send a message of female empowerment.But out of the many iterations of Rosie the Riveter, some may be surprised to learn that Miller’s “We Can Do It!” poster was, for a time, one of the least popular. The poster was displayed in Westinghouse factories, and few Americans ever saw it during the war years.Why were other versions of Rosie the Riveter more popular during the war? And how did this version end up becoming the Rosie we picture today?Today, the now-famous image of Rosie the Riveter might evoke the heroic way women during World War II assumed jobs traditionally held by men–factory workers, taxi drivers and even soldiers–to help with the war effort.But during the war years, there was actually a fair amount of ambivalence about women entering the workforce, especially if they had young children. Efforts to provide adequate day care for women.